Mandarin:
刚化链

Explanation in English Language (EN):
A modification in polymer structure that reduces flexibility, often by introducing rigid groups or bonds.

Explanation in Mandarin (ZH):
在聚合物结构中引入刚性基团或键以降低柔韧性的结构调整。

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International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)
- Definition: A standardized system of symbols used to represent the sounds of spoken language.
- Purpose: Helps linguists, language learners, and educators accurately describe pronunciation across languages.
- Example: The word “hello” in British English is transcribed as /həˈləʊ/ in IPA.