Doping is the process of deliberately introducing a small, controlled amount of impurity atoms into a pure semiconductor in order to modify its electrical conductivity. Even tiny amounts of dopant can greatly increase the number of charge carriers. Depending on the dopant chosen, doping produces either an n-type or a p-type semiconductor.

掺杂是有意向纯半导体中引入少量、受控的杂质原子,以改变其导电性的过程。即使极少量的掺杂剂也能大大增加载流子的数目。视所选掺杂剂的不同,掺杂可制得 n 型或 p 型半导体。