Propagation
Mandarin:
链增长 (liàn zēng zhǎng)
链增长 (liàn zēng zhǎng)
Explanation in English Language (EN):
Propagation is the stage in chain-growth polymerization where the polymer chain grows by the repeated addition of monomer units to the active center. This stage follows initiation and precedes termination. During propagation, the active center, which can be a free radical, a cation, or an anion, reacts with monomer molecules, adding them to the growing chain. The propagation stage determines the rate of polymerization and the molecular weight of the polymer.
Propagation is the stage in chain-growth polymerization where the polymer chain grows by the repeated addition of monomer units to the active center. This stage follows initiation and precedes termination. During propagation, the active center, which can be a free radical, a cation, or an anion, reacts with monomer molecules, adding them to the growing chain. The propagation stage determines the rate of polymerization and the molecular weight of the polymer.
Explanation in Mandarin (ZH):
链增长是链增长聚合中的阶段，其中聚合物链通过重复将单体单元添加到活性中心来增长。此阶段在引发之后、终止之前。在链增长过程中，活性中心（可以是自由基、阳离子或阴离子）与单体分子发生反应，将它们添加到不断增长的链中。链增长阶段决定了聚合速率和聚合物的分子量。
链增长是链增长聚合中的阶段，其中聚合物链通过重复将单体单元添加到活性中心来增长。此阶段在引发之后、终止之前。在链增长过程中，活性中心（可以是自由基、阳离子或阴离子）与单体分子发生反应，将它们添加到不断增长的链中。链增长阶段决定了聚合速率和聚合物的分子量。
International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)
- Definition: A standardized system of symbols used to represent the sounds of spoken language.
- Purpose: Helps linguists, language learners, and educators accurately describe pronunciation across languages.
- Example: The word “hello” in British English is transcribed as /həˈləʊ/ in IPA.
- Definition: A standardized system of symbols used to represent the sounds of spoken language.
- Purpose: Helps linguists, language learners, and educators accurately describe pronunciation across languages.
- Example: The word “hello” in British English is transcribed as /həˈləʊ/ in IPA.