Electrical conductivity is the ability of a material to carry an electric current. In metals it arises from the movement of mobile, delocalised electrons through the structure when a voltage is applied. Metals are good conductors, whereas insulators conduct very poorly because their electrons are not free to move.

导电性是材料传导电流的能力。在金属中,它源于施加电压时离域可移动电子在结构中的运动。金属是良导体,而绝缘体导电极差,因为其电子不能自由移动。