Mandarin:
成膜

Explanation in English Language (EN):
The process by which a continuous, solid film forms on a substrate, typically from a liquid or vapor precursor.

Explanation in Mandarin (ZH):
连续固体薄膜在基底上形成的过程，通常源自液体或气体前驱体。

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International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)
- Definition: A standardized system of symbols used to represent the sounds of spoken language.
- Purpose: Helps linguists, language learners, and educators accurately describe pronunciation across languages.
- Example: The word “hello” in British English is transcribed as /həˈləʊ/ in IPA.