Effective nuclear charge equation (Z_eff = Z − σ)

有效核电荷公式 (Z_eff = Z − σ)

Explanation (EN)

The effective nuclear charge equals the actual nuclear charge minus the screening constant.

Explanation (ZH)

有效核电荷等于实际核电荷减去屏蔽常数。

About the IPA

The International Phonetic Alphabet is a standardized system of symbols used to represent the sounds of spoken language.

It helps linguists, language learners, and educators accurately describe pronunciation across languages.

Example: the word "hello" in British English is transcribed as /həˈləʊ/ in IPA.